Screening Results Of Chapter One Children vs. Expected Result.

This study compares results from a vision screening of Chapter One Reading Program students to expected results from the general population The children, ranging in ages from seven to twelve~years-old, were from the Mecosta, Barryton, and Weidman Elementary Schools in Mecosta and Isabella Counties in Central Michigan, during 1992-1994. The State of Michigan requires vision screenings for children once between
ages three to five, then every other year beginning in first grade on through eleventh, with
testing in ninth and eleventh grades replaced by enrollment in driver's education.
This screening was preformed by Doctors of Optometry and third year optometry
students from Ferris State University. Referrals were based on the Modified Clinical
Technique (4). Cut-off levels for referral were visual acuity of20/40 or worse at distance
(20ft or lOft Snellen equivalent) and near (40cm), l.OOD or more of hyperopia,
astigmatism, or anisometropia, 0.50D or more of myopia, any strabismus, more than
6P.D. of exophoria or esophoria at distance, more than 6P.D. of esophoria or IOP.D. of
exophoria at near, or any organic or health problems noted These were determined with
Snellen acuity cards, retinoscopy, cover testing, and direct ophthalmoscopy. Stereopsis,
extra-ocular motility, color vision, and near point of convergence were also performed,
but will not be addresses in this analysis.