Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus And Diabetic Retinopathy In The Native Population Of Pawnee, Oklahoma

Background: Diabetes mellitus and associated diabetic retinopathy are serious, vision
threatening conditions. The prevalence of diabetes within American Native populations
has increased and has been documented as higher than national averages. This research study assesses the prevalence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy within a select population of American Natives in Pawnee, Oklahoma. Further analysis compares this data to national averages.
Methods: Data for this project was gathered through complete patient examination at an Indian Health Service located in Pawnee, Oklahoma. Collection of data occurred from August to December 2013, resulting in 408 patient data entries.
Results: Cross sectional analysis was performed on data collected. The prevalence of
diabetes was assessed at 25.5%. The prevalence of diabetes for female patients was found to be 28.8% and 21.7% for male patients. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy was found to be 10.57%.
Conclusions: Compared to national averages, American Natives of Pawnee have an increased prevalence of diabetes. For accurate comparison of the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy found in this study, further national research needs to be completed. Based on these findings, further educational and preventative programs should be initiated to properly manage diabetes and the potential diabetes related eye disease.